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Background@#Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) has been widely used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. Epidural injection of steroids can reduce the incidence and duration of postoperative pain in a short period of time. Although steroids are widely believed to reduce the effect of surgical trauma, the observation indicators are not uniform, especially the long-term effects, so the problem remains controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the efficacy of epidural steroids following PTED. @*Methods@#We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database from 1980 to June 2021 to identify randomized and non-randomized controlled trials comparing epidural steroids and saline alone following PTED. The primary outcomes included postoperative pain at least 6 months as assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay and the time of return to work. @*Results@#A total of 451 patients were included in three randomized and two nonrandomized controlled trials. The primary outcomes, including VAS and ODI scores, did not differ significantly between epidural steroids following PTED and saline alone. There were no significant intergroup differences in length of hospital stay. Epidural steroids were shown to be superior in terms of the time to return to work (P < 0.001). @*Conclusions@#Intraoperative epidural steroids did not provide significant benefits, leg pain control, improvement in ODI scores, and length of stay in the hospital, but it can enable the patient to return to work faster.
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Objective@#To identify the risk factors for postoperative fatigue syndrome (POFS) in outpatients with painless gastroscopy.@*Methods@#The outpatients received painless gastroscopy from October 2016 to February 2017 in our hospital were included in this study.The possible factors related to POFS were summarized by reviewing the relevant literature.The questionnaires were completed by the methods such as preoperative interview, intraoperative recording, and telephone follow-up.POFS occurrence, score and outcomes were evaluated.The patients were divided into POFS group (groupⅠ) and non-POFS group (groupⅡ) according to whether POFS occurred.The risk factors of which P values were less than 0.05 would enter the multivariate logistic regression analysis to stratify the risk factors.@*Results@#Two hundred and forty-six patients completed this study.Sixty-nine cases developed POFS, and the incidence was 28.0%, the initial fatigue score was (5.2±2.4), and the duration of POFS was 3(9) h. The mean consumption of propofol (according to anesthesia time, mg/min) was an independent risk factor for POFS.@*Conclusion@#The mean consumption of propofol is an independent risk factor for POFS in outpatients with painless gastroscopy.
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Objective To identify the risk factors for postoperative fatigue syndrome(POFS)in outpatients with painless gastroscopy.Methods The outpatients received painless gastroscopy from October 2016 to February 2017 in our hospital were included in this study.The possible factors related to POFS were summarized by reviewing the relevant literature.The questionnaires were completed by the methods such as preoperative interview,intraoperative recording,and telephone follow-up.POFS occurrence,score and outcomes were evaluated.The patients were divided into POFS group(groupⅠ)and non-POFS group(groupⅡ)according to whether POFS occurred.The risk factors of which P values were less than 0.05 would enter the multivariate logistic regression analysis to stratify the risk factors.Results Two hundred and forty-six patients completed this study.Sixty-nine cases developed POFS,and the incidence was 28.0％,the initial fatigue score was(5.2±2.4),and the duration of POFS was 3(9)h.The mean con-sumption of propofol(according to anesthesia time,mg/min)was an independent risk factor for POFS.Conclusion The mean consumption of propofol is an independent risk factor for POFS in outpatients with painless gastroscopy.
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Objective To study the protective effect of shenfu injection on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Methods 120 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats(320-350 g) were randomly divided into sham operation group,model control group,Nimodipine injection group,low,medium and high dose group of shenfu injection according to gender weight.20 males in each group were given medicine once a day for 7 days before operation.The cerebral ischemia model was established by thread embolization after 5 days of administration.In the sham operation group,the other operations were the same as those in the model group except for carotid artery ligation and thread insertion.After 24 hours of perfusion,the neurological score,abdominal aorta blood flow,malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GHS) levels in brain tissues were measured.Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to calculate the area of cerebral infarction and pathological examination of brain tissues.Results Compared with the model control group,the middle and high dosage of shenfu injection could obviously improve the nerve function and increase the percentage of cerebral infarction area (P ＜ 0.05);the high dosage group of shenfu injection could obviously decrease the whole blood viscosity (P ＜ 0.01);the middle and high dosage of shenfu injection could obviously reduce the level of MDA in rat brain tissue (P ＜ 0.01) while increasing the levels of SOD and GSH (P ＜0.01),finally could significantly improve the pathological changes of brain tissues such as mild swelling of nerve fibers,mild neuronal degeneration,inflammatory interstitial edema and inflammation.Conclusions Shenfu injection has obvious protective effect on cerebral ischemia reperfusion model in rats.
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Objective To investigate the role of the activated rhuPAa-melittin in ovarian cancer cells and to study the inhibitory effect of rhuPAa-melittinon on ovarian cancer cells. Methods rhuPAa-melittin was used to treat the ovarian cancer cells at different concentrations for 48 hrs. Then flow cytometery was applied to detect the cell cycle and cell apoptosis. rhuPAa-melittin protein was delivered to the mouse mode to investigate the effect of rhuPAa-melittin on the growth of the xenotransplanted tumor. Results rhuPAa-melittin was used to treat ovarian cancer cells at the concentration of 0 ,4 ,8 and 16 μg/mL for 48 hrs ,respectively. The results of cell apoptosis assay was 1.16%,3.83%,6.51% and 10.2%,respectively. Moreover,different concentrations of rhuPAa-melittin had no effects on the cells at G0/G1 phase,rhuPAa-melittin inhibited S phase cells to process into G2/M phase, contributing to suppressing the growth of ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion The in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that rhuPAa-melittin inhibits the growth of ovarian cancer.
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Objective To investigate the role of the activated rhuPAa-melittin in ovarian cancer cells and to study the inhibitory effect of rhuPAa-melittinon on ovarian cancer cells. Methods rhuPAa-melittin was used to treat the ovarian cancer cells at different concentrations for 48 hrs. Then flow cytometery was applied to detect the cell cycle and cell apoptosis. rhuPAa-melittin protein was delivered to the mouse mode to investigate the effect of rhuPAa-melittin on the growth of the xenotransplanted tumor. Results rhuPAa-melittin was used to treat ovarian cancer cells at the concentration of 0 ,4 ,8 and 16 μg/mL for 48 hrs ,respectively. The results of cell apoptosis assay was 1.16%,3.83%,6.51% and 10.2%,respectively. Moreover,different concentrations of rhuPAa-melittin had no effects on the cells at G0/G1 phase,rhuPAa-melittin inhibited S phase cells to process into G2/M phase, contributing to suppressing the growth of ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion The in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that rhuPAa-melittin inhibits the growth of ovarian cancer.
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Objective To discuss the value of CR and CT to diagnose early ankylosing spondylitis. Methods Clinical data and the signs of CR and CT of eighteen cases which were diagnosed as early ankylosing spondylitis were analyzed. Results Both CR and CT imaging could show the diseased region, morphous change, and the extent of diseased joint. CT imaging could show the tiny change of diseased articular facet. Conclusion CR plain is the first choice to diagnose early ankylosing spondylitis. As doubtful case, CR combination with CT scan can raise the accuracy rate of diagnosis to early ankylosing spondylitis.
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Clinical practice of anesthesia is an important phase for interns to be professional physicians.In order to improve teaching quality of anesthesiology,we should attach great importance to following three aspects:stressing medical ethics and standardize medication,inspiring activity of the students,reinforcing self-construction of the teachers.Mutual action between teaching and learn-ing can only bring about the improvement of teaching quality in anesthesiology.